Inordertomakea“Classroom-Praise–Sandwich”,asalanguageteacher,youmustcreateasafeclassroomfirst.Thatistosaythatthelanguageteachermustunderstandhowstudentsfeelwhenlearninganewlanguage.Studentswhoareself-confidentandfeelgoodthemselvesaremorewillingtotakechancesandmakemistakesinspeakingthenewlanguagetheanxiousstudents.Sosomeexpertssuggestthatteachersdosomeeffortstocreatesafeclassroomenvironments.
Howdoteacherscreatesafeclassrooms?
First,inasafeclassroom,
a.Teachersareconfidentabouttheirteachingmethodsandhavewarmrelationshipswiththeirstudents;
b.Teachersrespectthestudentsandencouragethestudentstorespecteachother;
c.Teachersencouragelaughterandasenseofplayinclass;
d.Teacherscreatearelaxedandhappyatmospherewherestudentstrustthattheteacherandtheotherstudentswillnotcriticizethemharshlyortheirmistakes;
e.Teacherscanhelpstudentsfeelfreetocommunicateandexpressthemselveswiththeknowledgethatmistakesareanormalpartofthisprogress.
Second,teacherscancreatesafeclassroomsbybeingrelaxedabouttheirownmistakes.Forexample,ateachercanencouragestudentstotrytocatchthespellingmistakestheteachermakesontheblackboard.“Oh,thankyouforcatchingmymistakes.You‘reveryintelligenttoday!”Ifteacherscanadmittheirmistakesandcorrectthemwithoutbeingembarrassed,studentswillalsofeelmorerelaxedabouttheirownmistakes.
Howdoteachershandlemistakesinasafeclassroom?First,itisimportanttorespectthestudentsandrecognizethattheyaredoingtheirbest.Second,mistakesareseenasanormalpartoflearningalanguage;infact,mistakesareseenassomethinggood;third,teachersshouldencouragestudentsbythewaytheycorrectmistakes.Averyimportantingredientofthesafeclassroomistogivelotsofpraiseandencouragement.Withpraise,studentsareencouragedtocommunicatewitheachotherwithoutundueconcernforcorrectness.Studentsarenevermadetofeelashamedofmistakes.
Ifyou’vesolvedtheaboveproblems,you’vegotaPRAISESANDWICH(“表扬三明治”).Thesandwichwhosefillingis‘CORRECT’thatismadeasfollows:
*PRAISEthestudentsfortrying;
e.g.Student:“Iwriteadiaryyesterday.”
Teacher:“Goodtry,butnotquiteright.Whocanhelphim?”
*CORRECTthestudentgentlyoraskanotherstudenttogivethecorrectanswerandhavethefirststudentrepeatit.
e.g.Anotherstudent:“Iwroteadiaryyesterday.”
Teacher:“Good.Canyourepeatthat?”
Student:“Iwroteadiaryyesterday.”
PRAISEthestudentforthecorrectresponse,andgetthewholeclasstorepeatit,andthenwriteitontheblackboardifyouwanttoemphasizeit.
e.g.Teacher:“Excellent.Everyonerepeatthis.”
Wholeclass:“Iwroteadiaryyesterday.”
Teacher:“Verygood!EVERYDAY,Iwriteadiary.YESTERDAY,Iwroteadiary.AndtomorrowI’llwriteadiary.”
Inthisway,youcangetaverynicePRAISECIRCLE.Inanotherword,usingthePRAISESANDWICHhelpsstudentsfeelgoodaboutparticipating.Eventhoughstudentsmakemistakes,theyandthewholeclasslearnfromthesemistakesandeveryonefeelsfreetospeakagainandagain.UsingthePRAISESANDWICHisjustonewaytohelpcreatesa
