Humanneedsseemendless.Whenahungrymangetsamealhebeginstothinkaboutanovercoatwhenamanagergetsanewsportscarabighouseandpleasureboatsdanceintoview.

Themanyneedsofmankindmightberegardedasmakingupseverallevels.Whenthereismoneyenoughtosatisfyonelevelofneedsanotherlevelappears.

Thefirstandmostbasiclevelofneedsinvolvesfood.Oncethislevelissatisfiedthesecondlevelofneedsclothingandsomesortofshelterappears.BytheendofWorldWarⅡtheseneedsweresatisfiedforagreatmajorityofAmericans.Thenathirdlevelappeared.Itincludedsuchitemsasautomobilesandnewhouses.

By1957or1958thisthirdlevelofneedswasfairlywellsatisfied.Theninthelate1950safourthlevelofneedsappeared;the“life-enriching”level.Whiletheotherlevelsinvolvephysicalsatisfactionthatistheneedincomfortsafetyandtransportationthislevelstressesmentalneedsforrecognitionachievementandhappiness.Itincludesavarietyofgoodsandservicesmanyofwhichcouldbecalled“luxury”items.Amongthemarevacationtripsthebestmedicalanddentalcareandrecreation.Alsoincludedherearefancygoodsandthelateststylesinclothing.

Onthefourthlevelalotofmoneyisspentonserviceswhileonthefirstthreelevelsmoreisspentongoods.Willconsumersraisetheirsightstoafifthlevelofneedsastheirincomeincreasesorwilltheycontinuetodemandluxuriesandpersonalservicesonthefourthlevel?

Afifthlevelwouldprobablyinvolveneedsthatcanbeachievedbestbycommunityaction.Consumersmaybespendingmoreontaxestopayforgovernmentactionagainstdiseaseignorancecrimeandprejudice.Afterfillingourstomachsourclothesclosetsourgaragesourteethandourmindswenowmayseektoensurethehealthsafetyandleisuretoenjoymorefullythegoodthingsonthefirstfourlevels.

Accordingtothepassagemanwillbegintothinkaboutsuchneedsashousingandclothingonlywhen .

A.hehassavedupenoughmoney

B.hehasgrowndissatifiedwithhissimpleshelter

C.hehassatisfiedhishunger

D.hehaslearnedtobuildhouses

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbytheendofWorldWarⅡmostAmericans .

A.were