英语翻译Thereisgrowingrecognitionoftheimportanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)toeconomicdevelopment.Inmanycountries,SMEsmakeupthemajorityofbusinessesandaccountforthehighestproportionofemployment.Theeconomica|小学英语问答-字典翻译问答网

英语翻译Thereisgrowingrecognitionoftheimportanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)toeconomicdevelopment.Inmanycountries,SMEsmakeupthemajorityofbusinessesandaccountforthehighestproportionofemployment.Theeconomica

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英语翻译

Thereisgrowingrecognitionoftheimportanceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises

(SMEs)toeconomicdevelopment.Inmanycountries,SMEsmakeupthe

majorityofbusinessesandaccountforthehighestproportionofemployment.The

economicandsocialcontributionsofSMEssuggestthatitisinthepublicinterest

forSMEstothrive(FisherandReuber2000).However,SMEsoftenhavedifficulty

financingtheiroperations.Biekpe(2004)arguesthatmostsmallbusinesses,

especiallyinsub-SaharanAfrica,failintheirfirstyearduetolackofsupportfrom

governmentandtraditionalbanks.

Priorresearchhasnotedthatbanksareamajorsourceofexternalcapitalfor

smallfirms(seeColeandWolken1995;PetersenandRajan1994;Scherretal.

1993).However,smallfirmsfinditmoredifficulttoobtainbankloansthandolargefirms(Orseretal.1994;PetersonandSchulman1987).Binksetal.(1992)

cautionthatsmallbusinesses’restrictedaccesstobankdebtmaynotbedirectly

attributabletotheirsize,butrathertoproblemsassociatedwiththeavailabilityof

informationusedtoevaluateaproject,orinformationasymmetry.Banksgenerally

preferborrowerswithgoodtrackrecordsofprofitability,somedegreeoflongevity,

longer-termbankingrelationships,andassetsthatcanbeusedascollateral(Berger

andUdell1995;ColeandWolken1995;EnnewandBinks1995;Weinberg1994),

andtheyemploycertainstrategiestominimizetherisksindealingwithpotential

loanborrowers.Toreflectthegreateruncertaintyofrepayment,banksmayraise

theinterestratesonloanstoriskierborrowers,suchassmallbusinesses(Berger

andUdell1995).

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　　中小型企业对经济发展所作的贡献正愈加受到社会重视.在许多国家,中小型企业构成了产业结构的大部分,并且在就业比例中占了最大比例.其在社会、经济方面的贡献说明,大力发展繁荣中小企业是符合公共利益的需要的.然而,中小企业在日常经营中时常面临融资困难的局面.Biekpe认为许多小规模的商业活动,尤其在南非的次撒哈拉地区,第一年就夭折,在很大程度上要归结于政府和传统银行支持的匮乏. 　　先前的研究表明,银行是中小企业外部资金来源的一个主要渠道.但是,相较大公司而言,小公司发现他们很难从银行获得贷款.但是也有人警告说小公司难以得到银行的融资可能和他们的规模没有直接的联系,而是由于信息不对称.一般银行会比较愿意把钱借给具有良好的可溯盈利记录,一定等级的资历,和银行有长期业务关系并且资产能够被用来做担保承兑的企业.银行会使用特定的策略来使得和潜在债主之间风险最小化,如果发现偿还有许多不确定的因素,银行会提高贷款的利率后贷给借款人,比如说中小型企业.