阅读理解。

"YouaregoingtotheUnitedStatestolive?Howwonderful!Youarereallylucky."

Perhapsyourfamilyandfriendssaidsimilarthingstoyouwhenyoulefthome.Butdoesittrue

allthetime?Isyourlifeinthenewcountryalwayswonderfulandexciting?

Specialistssaythatitisn'teasytogetusedtolifeinanewculture."Cultureshock"istheterm

specialistsusewhentalkingaboutthefeelingsthatpeoplehaveinanewenvironment."Thereare

threestagesofcultureshock"saythespecialists.Inthefirststagethenewcomersliketheirnew

environment.Thenwhenthefreshexperiencediestheybegintohatethecitythecountrythe

peopleandeverythingelse.Inthelaststagethenewcomersbegintoadjusttotheirsurroundings

andasaresultenjoytheirlifemore.

Therearesomeobviousfactorsmcultureshock.Theweathermaybeunpleasant.Thecustoms

maybedifferent.Thepublicservicesystemsthetelephonepostofficeortransporta-tionmaybe

difficulttoworkout.Thesimplestthingsseemtobebigproblems.Thelanguagemaybedifficult.

Whofeelscultureshock?Everyonedoesinthiswayorthat.Butcultureshocksurprisesmost

people.Veryoftenthepeoplehavingtheworstcultureshockarethosewhoneverhadanydifficulties

intheirhomecountriesandweresuccessfulintheircommunity.Comingtoanewcountrythese

peoplefindtheydonothavethesameestablishedpositions.Theyfindthemselveswithoutarole

almostwithoutanidentity.

Theyhavetobuildanewself-image.

Cultureshockgivesrisetoafeelingofdisorientation(迷惘).Thisfeelingmaybehomesickness.

Whenhomesickpeoplefeellikestayinginsideallthetime.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfrom

thestrangeenvironmentandcreateandescapeinsidetheirroomforasenseofsecurity.Thisescape

doessolvetheproblemofcultureshockfortheshorttermbutitdoesnothingtomaketheperson

familiarwiththeculture.Gettingtoknowthenewenvironmentandgainingexperiencearethelong

termsolutionstotheproblemofcultureshock.

1.Whenpeoplemovetoanewcountrythe