London(/ˈlʌndən/)isthecapitalandlargestcityofEnglandandtheUnitedKingdom(UK).ItisBritain'smostpopulousandEurope'ssecondmostpopulousmetropolitanarea.Amajorsettlementfortwomillennia,itshistorygoesbacktoitsfoundingbytheRomans,whocalleditLondinium.London'score,theancientCityofLondon,orthe'squaremile'financialdistrict,largelyretainsitsmediaevalboundaries.Sinceatleastthe19thcentury,thename"London"hasalsoreferredtothemetropolisdevelopedaroundthiscore.Inmoderntimes,thebulkofthisconurbationformstheLondonregionandtheGreaterLondonadministrativearea,withitsownelectedmayorandassembly.