AstudypublishedinSeptembersuggeststhereisasurprisingwaytogetpeopletoavoidunhealthyfoods:changetheirmemories.ScientistElizabethLoftusoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvineaskedvolunteerstoanswersomequestionsontheirpersonalitiesandfoodexperiences.“Oneweeklater”Loftussays“wetoldthosepeoplewe'dfedtheiranswersintooursmartcomputeranditcameupwithanaccountoftheirearlychildhoodexperiences.”Someaccountsincludedonekeyadditionaldetail.“Yougotsickaftereatingstrawberryice-cream.”Theresearchersthenchangedthisdetailintoamanufactured(人为促成的)memorythroughleadingquestions---Whowereyouwith?Howdidyoufeel?Bytheendofthestudyupto41%ofthosegivenafalsememorybelievedstrawberryice-creamoncemadethemsickandmanysaidthey'davoideatingit.

WhenLoftuspublishedherfindingsshestartedgettingcallsfrompeoplebegginghertomakethemrememberhatingchocolateorFrenchfries.Unfortunatelyit'snotthateasy.Falsememoriesappeartoworkonlyforfoodsyoudon'teatonaregularbasis.Butmostimportantlyitislikelythatfalsememoriescanbeimplanted(灌输)onlyinpeoplewhoareunawareofthementalcontrol.Andlyingtoapatientisimmoral(不道德的)evenifadoctorbelievesit'sforthepatient'sbenefit.

Loftussaysthere'snothingtostopparentsfromtryingitwiththeiroverweightchildren.“Isaywakeup---parentshavebeenlyingaboutFatherChristmasforyearsandnobodyseemstomind.Iftheycanpreventdiseasescausedbyfatnessandalltheotherproblemsthatcomewiththatyoumightthinkthat'smoremorallie.Decidethatforyourself.”

1.WhydidLoftusaskthevolunteerstoanswersomequestions?

A.Toimprovehercomputerprogram.

B.Tofindoutdetailsshecanmakeuseof.

C.Tofindouttheirattitudestowardsfood.

D.Topredictwhatfoodthey'lllikeinthefuture.

2.WhatdidLoftusfindoutfromherresearch?

A.Peoplebelievewhatthecomputertellsthem.

B.Peopletendtoforgettheirchildhoodexperiences.

C.Peoplecanbeledtobelieveinsomethingfalse.

D.Peoplearenotalwaysawareoftheirpersonalities.

3.Accordingtothestudypeoplemaystophavingacertainfoodifth