When Lynn Harrell was 20,he became the principal cellist(首席大提琴手) of the Cleveland Orchestra,and he suffered extreme stage fright (怯场)."There were times when I got so nervous I was sure that audience could hear my heart beating.It was just total panic."
Today,music schools are paying attention to the problem of anxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation.There are a variety of skills that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms:icy fingers,shaky hands,racing heart,and blank mind.
"Take two deep breaths,open up your shoulders,then smile,"says doctor Diane Nichols,who suggests some ways of dealing with anxiety for the moments before performance."Then choose three friendly faces in the audience,people you would communicate with and make music to,and make eye contact(接触) with them."She doesn't want performers to think of the audience as a judge.
Extreme demands by teachers or parents are often at the root of stage fright,says Dorothy DeLay,a well-known violin teacher.She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.
It is not only young artists who suffer,of course.The well-known pianist Cladimir Horowitz's stage fright was famous.The great singer Draco Corelli is another example."They had to push him on stage,"singer Renata Scotto said.
Actually,success can make things worse."In the beginning of your career,when you're scared to death,nobody knows who you are,and they don't have any expectations,"famous singer June Anderson said."There's less to lose.Later on,when________,people are coming to see you,and they have certain expectations.You have a lot to lose."
81.How did Lynn Harrell feel when performing according to Paragraph 1?(no more than 3words)
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82.What's Paragraph 3mainly about?(no more than 12words)
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83.What is the main