高考英语形容词与副词考点归纳一、形容词和副词的基本用法A．形容词：就是用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。如：1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。(形容词new作名词pen定语)2. These oranges taste ________. (全国卷)A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well【分析】答案选A。系动词taste(尝起来)后要接形容词作表语。3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ________. (全国卷)A. open B. to be openedC. to open D. opening【分析】答案选A。形容词open(开着的)作宾补，表示状态。注意：不要选答案D，因为open是短暂性动词，不能表状态。B．副词：就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如：It’s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。(副词heavily修饰谓语动词)It’s a rather interesting job. 这是一份相当有趣的工作。(副词rather修饰形容词interesting)She speaks English very well. 她的英语说得很好。(副词very修饰副词well)This is just what he said. 这正是他所说的。(副词just修饰what he said)注：here, there, in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语；here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如：Tom isn’t here. 汤姆不在这里。(here作表语)The people there were very kind to us. 那里的人对我们很友好。(副词there作定语，修饰people)二、定语形容词与表语形容词A．表语形容词：有的形容词一般只作表语，如表示健康状况的well, unwell, ill, faint，表示情感反应的glad, sorry, fond, worth, able，以a开头的afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed等。但有的可作后置定语或补语。B．定语形容词：通常只作定语的形容词，如起强调作用的only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), real(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), present(在场的)，由名词等转化而来的wooden(木制的), woolen(羊毛制的), drunken(醉的), medical, daily, weekly, electric, former(前任的), some, any, little, many, 及one-eyed之类的复合形容词等。如：This is a medical school. (不说This school is medical. ) [1][2][3][4]下一页 说明:引用此文请注明出处,并请保留该文章链接地址,谢谢~~三、形容词作定语的后置规律形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后：A．形容词短语作定语时要后置。如：________ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国卷)A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave【分析】答案选C。enough修饰形容词时要位于形容词之后，排除B和D。brave enough to…是形容词短语作定语，修饰students，要置于名词students之后。B．表语形容词作定语要后置。如：All the people ________ at the party were his supporters. (北京卷)A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important【分析】答案选A。表语形容词present(出席的、在场的)作定语，要放在所修饰的名词后。C．形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，要位于后面。如：Is there anything important in the paper? 报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？四、多个形容词作定语的排序多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘性形容词+表示大小(长短、高低)、形状、年龄(新旧)的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国籍或产地的形容词+表物质材料的形容词+表类别或用途的形容词+名词。如：1. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ________ car. (辽宁卷)A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white【分析】答案选B。按“大小+颜色+产地”的顺序排列。2. ________ students are required to take part in the boat race. (浙江卷)A. Ten strong young ChineseB. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strongD. Young strong ten Chinese【分析】答案选A。数词是限定词，应排在形容词前，排除C和D；又strong是描绘，young是年龄，Chinese是国籍，其先后应为“描绘＋年龄＋国籍”。 3. The ________ house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. (江苏卷)A. little white wooden B. little wooden whiteC. white wooden little D. wooden white little【分析】答案选A。little是限定词，应放在形容词前面，排除C和D；表示颜色的应放在表示物质材料的形容词的前面，排除B。上一页[1][2][3][4]下一页 说明:引用此文请注明出处,并请保留该文章链接地址,谢谢~~注：限定词的排序：前位