设抛物线为y²=2px,则焦点为(p/2,0),焦点弦为y=k(x-p/2)
直线AB的倾斜角为α,则k=tanα,k²=tan²α=sin²α/cos²α=sin²α/(1-sin²α)
将焦点弦代入抛物线,得k²(x-p/2)²=2px,即k²x²-p(k²+2)x+p²k²/4=0
x1+x2=p(k²+2)/k²,x1x2=p²/4;y1+y2=k(x1+x2-p)=2p/k²,
y1y2=k²(x1-p/2)(x2-p/2)=k²(x1x2-p/2*(x1+x2)+p²/4)=-p²
∴|AB|=√[(x1-x2)²+(y1-y2)²]=√[((x1+x2)²-4x1x2)+((y1+y2)²-4y1y2)]
=√[((p(k²+2)/k²)²-p²)+((2p/k²)²+4p²)]
=2p√(1+1/k²)=2p√(1+1/sin²α-1)
=2p/sinα(α∈(0,π),∴sinα>0)
第二问已包含在上述证明过程中