HenryFord，thefamousU．S．inventorandcarmanufacturer，oncesaid，"ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness．''BythishemeantthattheU．S．wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld．

FewwouldarguewithFord'sstatement．AbriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkaboutbusiness．Forexample，nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection，inwhichthedealsandprojects，financesandmanagement，stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily．Inaddition，businessnewscanappearineveryothersection．Mostnationalnewshasanimportantfinancialaspecttoit．Welfare，foreignaid，thefederalbudget，andthepoliciesoftheFederalReserveBankareallheavilyaffectedby business．Moreover，businessnewsappearsinsomeoftheunlikeliestplaces．Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas"theentertainmentindustry''or"showbusiness．''

ThepositivesideofHenryFord'sstatementcanbeseenintheprosperity（繁荣）thatbusinesshasbroughttoU．S．1ife．OneofthemostimportantreasonswhysomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob．JobsareproducedinabundancebecausetheU．S．economicsystemisdrivenbycompetition．Peoplebelievethatthissystemcreatesmorewealth，morejobs，andamateriallybetterwayoflife．

ThenegativesideofHenryFord'sstatement，however，canbe seenwhenthewordbusinessistakentomeanbigbusiness．Andthetermbigbusiness--referringtothebiggestcompanies，isseeninoppositiontolabor．ThroughoutU．S．historyworking-peoplehavehadtofighthardforhigherwages，betterworkingconditions，andthefighttoformunions．Today，manyoftheoldlabordisputes（分歧）areover，butthereisstillsomeemployeeanxiety．Downsizing--thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshigh--createsfeelingsofinsecurityformany．

61．TheUnitedStatesisatypicalcountry___．

A．whichencouragesfreetradeathomeandabroad

B．wherepeople'schiefconcernishowtomakemoney

C．whereallbusinessesaremanagedscientifically

D．whichnormallyworksaccordingtothefederalbudget

62．Theinfluenceo