Peoplewithdisabilitiesmakeupalargepartofthepopulation.Itisreportedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysicalmentalorotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental"thatistosaytheyhappenb|小学英语问答-字典翻译问答网

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Peoplewithdisabilitiesmakeupalargepartofthepopulation.Itisreportedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysicalmentalorotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental"thatistosaytheyhappenbeforepeople’stwenty-secondbirthdayoftenfrombornconditionsandarehardenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopmentsuchasmovementcommunicationoccupationetc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered“adventitious"(偶然的)i.e.accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces.

Beforethe20thcenturyonlyasmallpercentageofpeoplewithdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforthesedisabilitieswasunavailable.Improvementsinmedicineandsocialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhichpeoplewithdisabilitiescanexpecttohavesuchbasic(基本的)needsasfoodshelterandmedicaltreatment.Unluckilythesebasicsareoftennotavailable.Humanrightssuchastherighttovotemarrygetaneducationandachieveworkhavetraditionallybeennotagreedonthebasisofdisability.

Inrecenttenyearsthedisabilityrightsmovementhasbeenorganizedtofightagainstthesedisagreementsofhumanrights.Congress(国会)repliedbypassingimportantlawsrecognizing(承认)peoplewithdisabilitiesasaprotectedgroupunderhumanrightslaws.

Itisreportedthatmorethanhalfofqualified(有资格的)Americanswithdisabilitiesdon’thaveworkandalotofthosewhodoworkareoutofwork.Abouttwo-thirdsliveatorbelowtheofficiallowestlevel.

Obviousdifficultiesespeciallyincommunicationandpublicawareness(意识)preventdisabledpeoplefromtakingpartinsociety.Forexamplewhilenolongerstoppedbylawfrommarryingapersonunabletocommunicateisexcluded(排斥)fromsocietyandsocialactivitieswhichmightleadtothedevelopmentoflong-termrelationships.

Onlywhenpublicattitudes(态度)advanceasfaraslawshavedisabledpeoplewillbefullyabletotaketheirrightfulplaceinsociety.

【小题1】.A“developmental"disability______.

A．iscausedbyforcesB．happensinyouthandaffectsdevelopmentC．developsveryslowlyovertimeD．isgettingharderandharder【小题2】Mostdisa

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　　【小题1】B 　　【小题2】D 　　【小题3】D 　　【小题4】D 　　【小题5】D解析　　分析：　　这篇短文主要介绍了残疾人占人口的很大一部分。残疾人和正常人相比存在许多的劣势，如选举权，接受教育，结婚，工作等方面。只有公众的态度像法律一样进步，残疾人才能完全拥有他们在社会上的权利和地位。　　【小题1】细节理解题。根据短文第一段Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental"thatistosaytheyhappenbeforepeople’stwenty-secondbirthdayoftenfrombornconditionsandarehardenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopmentsuchasmovementcommunicationoccupationetc.。发展性的残疾往往在22岁之前发生，经常是从出生就残疾，对三个或更多方面的发展是有影响的，像移动，交流，职业等。故选B。　　【小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段Medicaltreatmentforthesedisabilitieswasunavailable.故选D。　　【小题3】推理判断题。根据句意，今天残疾人仍然要为自由生活而斗争，因为从第四段之后都是描述残疾人没能像正常人以一样去工作等。故选D。　　【小题4】是非判断题。根据短文描述可知没有提及法律方面对残疾人的歧视，故选D。　　【小题5】归纳理解题。根据短文的主旨大意，残疾人虽然努力争取自的权利，但是他们仍然在许多方面不及正常人，故选D，残疾人的劣势。　　考点：　　社会现象类短文阅读。