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东北虎英语介绍
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东北虎英语介绍

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  SiberianTiger(东北虎)   TheSiberiantiger(alsoknownastheAmur,Korean,Manchurian,orNorthChinatiger)isthelargestandmostpowerfulsubspeciesofnaturallyoccurringfeline.TheSiberiantigerisalmosttotallyconfinedtoaveryrestrictedpartofeasternRussia,theAmur-UssuriregionofPrimoryeandKhabarovsk,alocationitshareswiththeSiberianleopard,wheretheyarenowbeingactivelyprotected.About10%ofSiberiantigerpopulationsresideinChina.   ThetigerpopulationintheSikhote-Alinwas250in1992,increasingto350asof2004,despitesignificantlossesofcubsduetocaraccidentsonthesingleroadthatcrossestheirterritory.Illegalpoachinghasbeenbroughtundercontrolthankstofrequentroadinspections.Itisrumouredthattherearestillaround20ofthesetigersintheMountChangbaiareaofChina.   Asthetotalpopulationofthesetigersfellto150inthewild,manysubpopulationsarepossiblynotgeneticallyviable,subjecttopotentiallycatastrophicinbreeding.However,Russianconservationeffortshaveledtoarevivalofthesubspecies,andthenumberofindividualsinthePrimorskyregionofRussiahasrisenfrom450to500inthepastdecade,indicatingpositivegrowth.   TheSiberiantigercanweighasmuchas700lb(318kg)ormore.Inyearspast,scientistsbelievedthatthesecatscouldweighupto800lb(350kg),butthatearlierrange,whichwasbasedlargelyontheestimatesofhunters,isnotnowgenerallyaccepted.Apartfromthesize,Siberiantigersaredifferentiatedfromothertigersbytheirpalerfuranddarkbrown,ratherthanblack,stripes.Adepthunters,theypreyprimarilyonreddeer,wildboar,roedeer,sikadeer,andgoral,agoatlikeanimal,butwillalsotakesmallerpreylikehares,rabbits,andsalmon.TheyhavesometimesevenbeenknowntokillandeatsmallAsiaticblackbears.Sinceitisestimatedthat85%ofaSiberiantiger'sdietiscomposedofreddeerandwildboar,protectingtheseandotherpreyanimalsfromillegalhuntingmaybejustasimportanttothetiger'ssurvivalaspreventingdirectkillingofthebigcats.   SiberiantigerssometimescrossbreedswithBengaltigers.AwhiteSiberiantigerisusuallytheresultofsuchcrossbreedinganditisunsurewhetherpurewhiteSiberiantigersexist.   ASiberiantigernamedHodoriwaschosentorepresentthe1988SummerOlympicsheldinSeoul,SouthKorea.   Siberiantigersincaptivity   ThecaptivepopulationofSiberiantigerscomprisesseveralhundredspecimens.AmajorityofthesetigersarefoundinEurope,NorthAmericaandJapan,buttherearealsoafewspecimenslivinginAsianzoos.TheSiberiantigerisbredwithintheSpeciesSurvivalPlan(SSB),aprojectbasedon83wildcaughttigers.Accordingtomostexperts,thispopulationislargeenoughtostaystableandgeneticallyhealthy.Today,approximately160SiberiantigersparticipateintheSSP,whichmakesitthemostextensivelybredtigersubspecieswithintheprogram.Therearecurrentlynomorethanaround255tigersinthetigerSSPfromthreedifferentsubspecies.Developedin1982,theSpeciesSurvivalPlanfortheSiberiantigeristhelongestrunningprogramforatigersubspecies.IthasbeenveryfortunateandproductiveandthebreedingprogramfortheSiberiantigerhasactuallybeenusedasagoodexamplewhennewprogramshavebeendesignedtosaveotheranimalspeciesfromextinction.   TheSiberiantiger
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