中国的环境保护问题（英汉对照）一、实施可持续发展战略的选择中国现代化建设是在人口基数大,人均资源少,经济发展和科学技术水平都比较落后的条件下进行的.70年代以来,随着中国人口的增长、经济的发展和人民消费水平的不断提高,使本来就已经短缺的资源和脆弱的环境面临着越来越大的压力.选择一条什么样的发展道路,历史地成为与当代中国人民及其子孙后代生存息息相关的重大问题.China'smodernizationdrivehasbeenlaunchedinthefollowingconditions:Thecountryhasalargepopulationbase,itsper-capitaaverageofnaturalresourcesislow,anditseconomicdevelopmentaswellasscientificandtechnologicallevelremainquitebackward.AlongwiththegrowthofChina'spopulation,thedevelopmentoftheeconomyandthecontinuousimprovementofthepeople'sconsumptionlevelsincethe1970s,thepressureonresources,whichwerealreadyinrathershortsupply,andonthefragileenvironmenthasbecomegreaterandgreater.Whichroadofdevelopmenttochoosehasturnedout,historically,tobeanissueofparamountimportancetothesurvivaloftheChinesepeopleaswellastheirposterity. 　　中国政府十分重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题,把保护环境作为提高人民生活水平和生活质量的一个重要方面.为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调发展,中国在80年代制定并实施了一系列保护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施.TheChinesegovernmenthaspaidgreatattentiontotheenvironmentalissuesarisingfromthecountry'spopulationgrowthandeconomicdevelopment,andhasmadeprotectingtheenvironmentanimportantaspectoftheimprovementofthepeople'slivingstandardsandqualityoflife.Inordertopromotecoordinateddevelopmentbetweentheeconomy,thesocietyandtheenvironment,Chinaenactedandimplementedaseriesofprinciples,policies,lawsandmeasuresforenvironmentalprotectioninthe1980s. 　　——确立环境保护为中国的一项基本国策.防治环境污染和生态破坏以及合理开发利用自然资源关系到国家的全局利益和长远发展,中国政府坚定不移地贯彻执行环境保护这项基本国策.--MakingenvironmentalprotectiononeofChina'sbasicnationalpolicies.Thepreventionandcontrolofenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldestructionandtherationalexploitationandutilizationofnaturalresourcesareofvitalimportancetothecountry'soverallinterestsandlong-termdevelopment.TheChinesegovernmentisunswervinglycarryingoutthebasicnationalpolicyofenvironmentalprotection.——制定经济建设、城乡建设和环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展,实现经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相统一的指导方针,实行“预防为主,防治结合”、“谁污染,谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策.--Formulatingtheguidingprinciplesofsimultaneousplanning,simultaneousimplementationandsimultaneousdevelopmentforeconomicconstruction,urbanandruralconstructionandenvironmentalconstruction,andcombiningtheeconomicreturnswithsocialeffectsandenvironmentalbenefits;andcarryingoutthethreemajorpoliciesof``preventionfirstandcombiningpreventionwithcontrol,''``makingthecauserofpollutionresponsiblefortreatingit''and``intensifyingenvironmentalmanagement.''——颁布实施环境保护的法律法规,把环境保护建立在法制的基础上,不断完善环境法律体系,严格执法程序,加大执法力度,保证环境法律法规的有效实施.--Promulgatingandputtingintoeffectlawsandregulationsregardingenvironmentalprotectionandplacingenvironmentalprotectiononalegalfooting,continuouslyimprovingthestatutesconcerningtheenvironment,formulatingstrictlaw-enforcementproceduresandincreasingtheintensityoflawenforcementsoastoensuretheeffectiveimplementationoftheenvironmentallawsandregulations.——坚持环境保护纳入国民经济和社会发展计划,实施国家指导下的宏观调控与管理,逐步增加对环境保护的投入,使环境保护与各项建设事业统筹兼顾,协调发展.--Persistinginincorporatingenvironmentalprotectionintotheplansfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,introducingtoitmacroregulationandmanagementunderstateguidance,andgra