AnewreportsaysseaiceintheArcticOceanismeltingmorequicklythanexpected.Americanscientistssaytheiceismeltingevenfasterthancomputerprogramshadestimated.ScientistsknowthatclimatechangehasamajoreffectontheArcticOceanpartlybecauseseaiceisdisappearing.Theyalsoknowthatareasofopenseawaterareexpanding.Suchareasareknowntotakeinsunlightandincreasetemperatures.ScientistssaythishashelpedtocausethelossoftheArctic’sicecover.Forthestudy,theAmericanscientistscomparedeighteencomputerprogramswithobservationsmadebysatellitesandotherinstruments.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeusedthecomputerprogramstoprepareits2007estimatesofclimatechange.ThecomputerprogramsgaveestimatesoftheamountoficeintheArcticOceaninthemonthofSeptember.SeptemberiswhentheArctichastheleastice,afterthewarm,summermonths.Thecomputerestimatessuggestedanicelossoftwoandahalfpercentforeveryten-yearperiodbetween1953and2006. NewerstudiesoftheArctichaveusedinformationgatheredbyaircraft,satellitesandships.ThisinformationshowedalossofSeptembericecoverofalmosteightpercentforeveryten-yearperiodbetween1953andlastyear.Thismeanstheiceisdisappearingaboutthirtyyearsfasterthanthecomputerprogramsestimated.ThescientistssaytheprogramsmightnothaverecognizedthefulleffectofincreasedcarbondioxideandothergasesinEarth’satmosphere.Theysaytheirstudysuggeststhegasesmayhavemoreofaneffectthanhadbeenthought.小题1:ItisreportedthatseaiceintheArcticOceanismeltingmorequicklythanexpectedmainlybecause_________.