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【Trythislittletest.Amandressedcompletelyinblackissittingatabarinacountrypub.Heisdrinkingonewhiskyafteranother.Afterthreehours,themaninblackleavesthepubandwalksdrunkenlydownasmallcountryroad.Thereareno】
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Trythislittletest.Amandressedcompletelyinblackissittingatabarinacountrypub.Heisdrinkingonewhiskyafteranother.Afterthreehours,themaninblackleavesthepubandwalksdrunkenlydownasmallcountryroad.Therearenolights,andthereisnomoon.Acarwithoutheadlightsapproaches.Thedrivernoticestheman,however,andisabletobrakeintimetoavoidanaccident.Howcouldthedriverseethemaninblack?Thinkaboutthis.

Thereasonwecangetstuckwiththis–andotherproblemsinlife—isthatwemakeassumptions.Ifweassumethatthemaninblackisoutforaneveningdrink,thentheproblemisahardonetosolve.

Thedictionarydescribesanassumptionassomethingwetakeforgrantedorsupposetobetrue.Assumptionsareessentialtologicalthinkinganddecision-making,butwhathappensiftheyarefalse?

Sometimesfalseassumptionscanleadtodisaster.On8January1989,aBritishMidlandAirwaysBoeingtookofffromHeathrowforBelfast.Thenumber-two(right)engine,whichhadcausedtroubleonthepreviousflight,hadbeencleared.Twentyminutesaftertake-off,theplanebegantoshakeviolently.Theflightrecorderlatershowedwhathadhappened.Thecaptainaskedtheco-pilotwhattheproblemwas.“It’sthef-ingrightengineagain!”hereplied.Thecaptainorderedno.2enginetobeshutdown,andthelefthand(no.1)enginetobeturnedonforanemergencylanding.The737crashedontheedgeoftheM1motorway.Thecauseofthecrash?Thecaptainandcopilotmadeafalseassumptionandshutdownthewrongengine.Ofthe118passengers,39diedand74sufferedseriousinjury.

Themoreriskyorthemoreexpensivethedecision,themoreimportantitistocheckassumptions.Thereisanicewaytoremembertheimportanceofassumptionchecking.LookatthelettersinthewordASSUME,andnotethattakingthingsforgrantedcanmakeanASS(傻瓜)ofUandME.

1.WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?

A.Toprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopic.

B.Toattractreadersattentiontothetopic.

C.Touseanexampletosupportthetopic.

D.Toofferbasicknowledgeofthetopic.

2.Themainpurposeofthepassageistoremindthereaders_________.

A.oftheimportanceofmakingassumptions

B.ofthedangerofmakingassumptions

C.

翟军勇回答:
  小题1:B小题2:D小题3:C小题4:D   略
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