英语语法——分词作状语 　　1.分词作状语实际把状语从句简化.简化的条件：其逻辑主语一定要与主句的主语保持一致. 　　Whilehewasreadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime. 　　----Readingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime. 　　Becausehewasshy,hedidn’tcometotheparty. 　　----Beingshy,hedidn’tcometotheparty. 　　AsthebookiswritteninsimpleEnglish,thebookiseasytoread. 　　----WritteninsimpleEnglish,thebookiseasytoread. 　　2.分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式： 　　*doing：用来表示主动,且前后动作同时进行. 　　Returninghomelater,myfriendlearnedthatthepolicehadbeentotheflat. 　　*havingdone:用来表示主动,且动作发生在主句之前. 　　Havingseenthefilmbefore,Idecidednottoseeitagain. 　　*beingdone:用来表示被动,且前后动作同时进行. 　　Beingquestionedbythepolice,hefeltfrightened. 　　*done:用来表示被动且完成 　　Destroyedinthestorm,thehousewillberebuilt. 　　*havingbeendone:用来表示被动,而且强调动作持续一段时间或次数. 　　Havingbeendefeatedthreetimes,hehadtogiveup. 　　*否定形式：not/never+分词结构 　　Notstudyinghard,hedidn’tpassthetest. 　　Neverhavingtakenaplanebefore,hewasnervous. 　　3.分词作状语如果前后主语一致可简化时间、条件、原因、结果和伴随等状语从句. 　　(条件) 　　Ifyouworkharder,youwilldobetterintheexamnexttime. 　　----Workinghard,youwilldobetterintheexamnexttime. 　　（时间） 　　AfterIdidmyhomework,Iwentbackhome. 　　----Havingdonemyhomework,Iwentbackhome. 　　(伴随） 　　Hehurriedtothestationandhopedtocatchthelasttrain. 　　----Hehurriedtothestation,hopingtocatchthelasttrain.. 　　(原因) 　　Becausemyfriendwasfrightenedoflosinghisjob,hesaidnothingtothepolice. 　　----Frightenedoflosinghisjob,myfriendsaidnothingtothepolice. 　　(结果) 　　HisparentswerekilledintheSARSepidemicandlefthimanorphan. 　　----HisparentswerekilledintheSARSepidemic,leavinghimanorphan. 　　注意：分词不做目的状语,只有动词不定式可以. 　　Togethighmarksinthemid-exam,hecheated. 　　Tobelistedonthetopof500largestenterprisesintheworld,acompanyshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements. 　　Nottoforgetthekeypoints,hewrotethemdown. 　　Exercises: 　　1.Theplanecrashedandkilled120lives. 　　--Theplanecrashed,killing120lives. 　　2.Isufferedaheadacheyesterday,soIwasn’tinagoodmood. 　　--Sufferingfromaheadacheyesterday,Iwasn’tinagoodmood. 　　3.WhenIsawthem,Iwentdowntomeetthem. 　　--Seeingthem,Iwentdowntomeetthem. 　　4.BecausehehaslivedinBeijingformanyyears,heknowsthecityverywell. 　　--HavinglivedinBeijingformanyyears,heknowsthecityverywell. 　　5.Becauseitisrecordedonthetape,thedictionaryisavailabletotheblind. 　　nRecordedonthetape,thedictionaryisavailabletotheblind. 　　n 　　6.AsIwastroubledbymyconscience,Iwrotealettertotheteachercounselor. 　　--Troubledbymyconscience,Iwrotealettertotheteachercounselor. 　　7.Whenyouarebeingspokento,youshouldlookattheother. 　　--Beingspokento,youshouldlookattheother. 　　8.AfterMissZhongexplainedthetext,itbecameclearertous. 　　--ExplainedbyMissZhong,thetextbecameclearertous. 　　4