IfUSsoftware(软件)companiesdon’tpaymoreattentiontoqualitytheycouldkisstheirbusinessgood-bye.BothIndiaandBrazilaredevelopingaworld-classsoftwareindustry.TheirweaponisqualityandoneoftheirjobsistoattractthetopUSqualityspecialistswhosevoicesarenotlistenedtointheircountry.

Alreadyoftheworld’s12softwarehousesthathaveearnedthehighestpositionintheworldsevenareinIndia.That’slargelybecausetheyhaveusednewmethodsAmericansoftwarespecialistsrefusedtouse. ForexampleforyearsqualityspecialistsW.EdwardsDemingandJ.M.JuranhadtriedtopersuadeUSsoftwarecompaniestochangetheirattitudestoquality.ButtheirqualitycallmainlyfellondeafearsintheUS--butnotinJapan.Bythe1970sand1980sJapanwastakingitsmarketsharewithbettercheaperproducts.TheyusedDeming’sandJuran’sideastobringdownthecostofgoodqualitytoaslittleas5%oftotalproductioncosts.InUSfactoriesthecostofqualitythenwas10timesashigh:50%.Insoftwareitstillis.

WattsS.Humphreyspent27yearsatIBMheadingupsoftwareproductionandthenqualityassurance(保证).Buthisadvicewasseldompaidattentionto.HeretiredfromIBMin1986.In1987heworkedoutasystemforassessing(评估)andimprovingsoftwarequality.Ithasproveditsvaluetimeandagain.Forexamplein1990thecostofqualityatRaytheonElectronicsSystemswasalmost60%oftotalsoftwareproductioncosts.Itfellto15%in1996andhassincefurtherdroppedtobelow10%.

LikeDemingandJuranHumphreyseemstobewinningmorepraisesoverseasthanathome.TheIndiangovernmentandseveralcompanieshavejustfoundedtheWattsHumphreySoftwareQualityInstituteattheSoftwareTechnologyParkinChennaiIndia.Let’shopethatUSleadinsoftwarewillnotbeeatenupbyitsqualityproblems.

64.Whichcountryhasthemostfirst-classsoftwarecompaniesintheworld?

A.Germany. B.TheUSA. C.Brazil. D.India.

65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHumphreyistrue?

A.HeisnowstillanIBMemployer.

B.HehasworkedforIBMfor37years.

C.TheUSpaysmuchattentiontohisqualityadvice.

D.Indiahonorshimhighly.

66.BywhatmeansdidJapantakeitslargemar